Charles Darwin, born on 12 February 1809, was an
English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions
to the science of evolution. His proposition that all species of life have
descended over time from common ancestors is now widely accepted, and
considered a foundational concept in science. In a joint publication with
Alfred Russel Wallace, he introduced his scientific theory that this branching
pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection,
in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial
selection involved in selective breeding. Darwin has been described as one of
the most influential figures in human history, and he was honoured by burial in
Westminster Abbey.
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