In Prague on August 24, 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) voted to demote Pluto from the ninth planet from the Sun to one of dozens of known dwarf planets.
The vote followed a week of debate by the IAU, who voted on multiple proposals including one that kept not just Pluto as a planet but added two new planets—the asteroid Ceres and Pluto’s moon Charon. The ultimate proposal defined the word “planets” (which comes from the Greek word planets, or “wanderers”) supposedly once and for all: planets are celestial objects large enough to be made rounded by their gravitational orbit around the Sun and to have pushed away nearby planetary objects and debris. Two years later, the IAU decided on a name for dwarf planets similar to Pluto— “plutoid” - —grouping Pluto with Eris.
Some influential astronomers were caught off guard by the procedure, questioning the final proposal’s logic and pointing to the low turnout of voters (424 astronomers out of about 10,000 professional astronomers worldwide) at the IAU conference. One astronomer pointed to the contradiction that Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Neptune all have nearby asteroids. “I’m embarrassed for astronomy,” he said. “Less than 5 percent of the world’s astronomers voted.”
This scientific
reclassification has had a worldwide cultural impact, as suggested by the
American Dialect Society’s choice of “plutoed” as 2006’s Word of the
Year—meaning “to demote or devalue someone or something. “Our members believe
the great emotional reaction of the public to the demotion of Pluto shows the
importance of Pluto as a name,” the society’s president said. Some state
legislatures have even named March 13 Pluto Day, in stubborn dismissal of
Pluto’s demotion.
