Leonardo da
Vinci, who passed away on 2 May 1519,
aged 67, in Château du Clos Lucé, Amboise,
France, was an Italian
painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer whose skill and
intelligence, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance
humanist ideal. His Last Supper (1495-98) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503-19) are among
the most widely popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance His
notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical inventiveness
that were centuries ahead of their time.
The
unique fame that Leonardo enjoyed in his lifetime and that, filtered by
historical criticism, has remained undimmed to the present day rests largely on
his unlimited desire for knowledge, which guided all his thinking and
behaviour. An artist by disposition and endowment, he considered his eyes
to be his main avenue to knowledge; to Leonardo, sight was man’s highest sense
because it alone conveyed the facts of experience immediately, correctly, and
with certainty. Hence, every phenomenon perceived became an object of
knowledge, and saper vedere (“knowing how to see”) became the
great theme of his studies. He applied his creativity to every realm in which
graphic representation is used: he was a painter, sculptor, architect, and
engineer. But he went even beyond that. He used his superb intellect, unusual
powers of observation, and mastery of the art of drawing to study nature
itself, a line of inquiry that allowed his dual pursuits of art and science to flourish.