R. Venkataraman Death Anniversary

 

Ramasamy Venkataraman, widely known as R. Venkataraman, served as the eighth President of India from July 25, 1987, to July 25, 1992.  Venkataraman passed away on January 27, 2009. His legacy of service, intellectual rigor, and principled leadership continues to inspire.

Venkataraman made significant contributions to Indian politics and constitutional law during his illustrious career.

Venkataraman completed his bachelor's degree in Economics from Loyola College, Chennai, and later received his law degree from the Law College, Chennai. He then started his legal practice in the Madras High Court in 1935 and later in the Supreme Court.

Before entering politics, Venkataraman was a part of the Indian freedom struggle. He was an active participant in the Quit India Movement of 1942 and was detained for two years for his activities.

After India gained independence, Venkataraman's political career began in earnest. He was elected four times to the Lok Sabha, India's lower house of parliament, and served in various ministerial roles, including as Minister of Defence and Minister of Finance, under the cabinets of Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi.

Venkataraman served as the Vice President of India from 1984 until 1987, after which he was elected as the President of India. His term as president was characterized by his legal acumen and keen understanding of constitutional law, traits that served him well in his role as the constitutional head of state.

Throughout his career, Venkataraman maintained a deep commitment to public service and democratic values. He was known for his simplicity, integrity, and dedication to the principles of justice and equality.

Lewis Carroll Birth Anniversary

 

Renowned Victorian author Lewis Carroll was born Charles Lutwidge Dodgson on January 27, 1832, in Daresbury, Cheshire, England. The son of a clergyman, Carroll was the third child born to a family of eleven children. From a very early age he entertained himself and his family by performing magic tricks and marionette shows, and by writing poetry for his homemade newspapers. In 1846 he entered Rugby School, and in 1854 he graduated from Christ Church College, Oxford. He was successful in his study of mathematics and writing, and remained at the college after graduation to teach. His mathematical writings include An Elementary Treatise on Determinants (1867), Euclid and His Modern Rivals (1879), and Curiosa Mathematica (1888). While teaching, Carroll was ordained as a deacon; however, he never preached. He also began to pursue photography, often choosing children as the subject of his portraits. One of his favorite models was a young girl named Alice Liddell, the daughter of the Dean at Christ’s Church, who later became the basis for Carroll’s fictional character, Alice. He abandoned both photography and public speaking between 1880 and 1881, and focused on his writing.

Many of Carroll’s philosophies were based on games. His interest in logic came purely from the playful nature of its principle rather than its uses as a tool. He primarily wrote comic fantasies and humorous verse that was often very childlike. Carroll published his novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland in 1865, followed by Through the Looking Glass in 1872. Alice’s story began as a piece of extemporaneous whimsy meant to entertain three little girls on a boating trip in 1862. Both of these works were considered children’s novels that were satirical in nature and in exemplification of Carroll’s wit. Also famous is Carroll’s poem “Jabberwocky,” in which he created nonsensical words from word combinations. Carroll died in Guildford, Surrey, on January 14, 1898.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Birth Anniversary

 

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, born on 27 January 1756, in Salzburg, Austria, was one of the greatest composers of all times. He created his own distinct style, blending traditional and contemporary.

His inspiration is often described as 'divine', but he worked assiduously, not only to become the great composer he was, but also a conductor, virtuoso pianist, organist and violinist. Mozart's music embraces opera, symphony, concerto, chamber, choral, instrumental and vocal music, revealing an astonishing number of imperishable masterpieces.

Mozart composed his first opera, Apollo et Hyacinthus when he was only 11. A year later the Emperor Joseph II commissioned him to write La finta semplice.

In August 1782 he married Constanze Weber. The Mozarts' marriage seemed to be a happy one. Constanze was easy-going, free-spending and usually pregnant. Only two of their six children survived.

Post-marriage, some of Mozart's best started to appear -the Haffner and Linz symphonies and five string quartets, for example.

Between 1784 and 1786, he composed nine piano concertos and three of these concurrently with The Marriage of Figaro.

The year 1787 saw the premiere of Mozart's second opera, Don Giovanni.

Mozart had a great run of successes in his final years - Eine Kleine Nachtmusik and the Clarinet Quintet in A, three of his 41 symphonies; Cosí fan Tutte, three piano trios, the Coronation piano concerto, two piano sonatas and three string quartets.

His health began to fail and his work rate slowed in 1790. He got better, though, and in 1791 alone composed the most famous The Magic Flute, the Requiem (unfinished), and the Clarinet Concerto.

Mozart did not live long enough to complete his Requiem. He died in Vienna, Austria, in 1791, before his 36th birthday.