Jigme Singye Wangchuck, born 11 November 1955 is a member of the House of Wangchuck who was the king of Bhutan (Druk Gyalpo) from 1972 until his abdication in 2006.
Jigme Singye Wangchuck ascended the throne in 1972 at the age of 17, making him the youngest monarch in the world at the time. He received a modern education in India and the United Kingdom and gained valuable insights into Bhutan's people and landscape through extensive tours with his father.
Achievements And Reforms
King Jigme Singye Wangchuck is best
known for introducing the concept of Gross National Happiness (GNH), focusing
on holistic development rather than purely economic growth. He initiated
significant socio-economic reforms, including the decentralization of power.
In 1998, he established the role of Prime Minister, marking a shift towards
democratic governance. He also played a pivotal role in modernizing Bhutan,
promoting international relations, and enhancing the nation's infrastructure.
Under the reign of the 4th king of Bhutan, the country joined various regional
cooperative bodies and became more involved in the United Nations,
strengthening its sovereign status.
One of his significant achievements was Bhutan's economic progress,
particularly in industries such as agriculture and hydropower. He also
prioritized education, sending students abroad, and expanding educational
facilities within the country.
The establishment of Drukair, Bhutan's national airline, in 1981 and the
subsequent opening to foreign tourists in 1974 under the 'High value, low
volume' tourism policy were key milestones in his reign.
Additionally, he personally led a successful military operation in 2003 to
expel Indian insurgents from Bhutanese forests, demonstrating his dedication to
national security. 108 memorial chortens, known as the "Druk Wangyal
Chortens," at Dochula Pass were built by Ashi Dorji Wangmo Wangchuck, the
eldest Queen Mother of Bhutan, in honour of the Fourth King, His Majesty King
Jigme Singye Wangchuck, for his bravery and sacrifices.
Legacy
In a historic move, King Jigme Singye
Wangchuck abdicated the throne in 2006 in favour of his son, Jigme Khesar
Namgyel Wangchuck. This transition marked the beginning of Bhutan's transition
to a constitutional monarchy and democratic governance.
His legacy includes the institutionalization of GNH, advancements in education,
and the cautious opening of Bhutan to the world. His far-sighted policies and
dedication to the well-being of his people have left a lasting impact on the
nation's development and governance.
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