Robert Koch, born
on 11 December 1843, was a German physician and microbiologist. As the
discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases
including tuberculosis, cholera (though the bacterium itself was discovered by
Filippo Pacini in 1854), and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main
founders of modern bacteriology. As such he is popularly nicknamed the father
of microbiology (with Louis Pasteur), and as the father of medical
bacteriology. His discovery of the anthrax bacterium (Bacillus anthracis) in
1876 is considered as the birth of modern bacteriology. His discoveries
directly provided proofs for the germ theory of diseases, and the scientific
basis of public health.
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