Phanishwar Nath Mandal 'Renu' who passed away on 11 April 1977, aged 56, was one of the most successful and influential writers of modern Hindi literature in the post-Premchand era. He is the author of Maila Anchal, which after Premchand’s Godaan, is regarded as the most significant Hindi novel. Phanishwar Nath (Mandal) Renu was born on 4 March 1921 in a small village Aurahi Hingna near Simraha railway station in Bihar. The mandal community of Bihar to which Renu belonged constitutes an under-privileged social group in India. Renu's family, however, enjoyed the benefits of land, education, and social prestige. Renu's father, Shilanath Mandal, had been active in the Indian National Movement and was an extremely enlightened individual, taking a keen interest in modern ideas, culture and art.
Phanishwar Nath Renu
is best known for promoting the voice of the contemporary rural India through
the genre of Aanchalik Upanyas ('regional
story'), and is placed amongst the pioneering Hindi writers who brought
regional voices into the mainstream Hindi literature. Renu was very close
associate of Bengali novelist Satinath Bhaduri. He wrote a memoir named Bhaduriji (Mr. Bhaduri) in Bengali.
His short story
"Maare Gaye Gulfam" was adapted into a film Teesri
Kasam (The Third Vow), by Basu Bhattacharya (produced by the
poet-lyricist Shailendra) in 1966 for which he also wrote the dialogues. Later
his short story "Panchlight" (Petromax) was made into a TV short
film. The 2017 Bollywood Fim Panchlait is also based on this
short story.
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