Joseph Priestley, was an English chemist, natural
philosopher, separatist theologian, grammarian, multi-subject educator, and
liberal political theorist who published over 150 works. He has historically
been credited with the independent discovery of oxygen in 1774 by the
thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide, having isolated it. Although Swedish
chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele also has strong claims to the discovery, Priestley
published his findings first. Scheele discovered it by heating potassium
nitrate, mercuric oxide, and many other substances in about 1772. He passed
away on 6 February 1804.
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