Tipu Sultan, who passed
away on 4 May 1799, was a ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and India's first
freedom fighter. He was the eldest son of Sultan Hyder Ali of Mysore. Tipu
Sultan introduced a number of administrative innovations during his rule,
including his coinage, a new Mauludi lunisolar calendar, and a new land revenue
system which initiated the growth of the Mysore silk industry. He expanded the
iron-cased Mysorean rockets and commissioned the military manual Fathul
Mujahidin, and is considered a pioneer in the use of rocket artillery. He
deployed the rockets against advances of British forces and their allies during
the Anglo-Mysore Wars, including the Battle of Pollilur and Siege of
Seringapatam. He also embarked on an ambitious economic development program
that established Mysore as a major economic power, with some of the world's
highest real wages and living standards in the late 18th century.
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