Joseph Stalin, born
on 18 December 1878, was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader
who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Initially
governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he consolidated power
to become a dictator by the 1930s. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist
interpretation of Marxism, he formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while
his own policies are called Stalinism.
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